Skip to main content

9 Nursing Diagnosis for Encephalitis

Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain. Usually the cause is a viral infection, but bacteria can also cause it. It can be mild or severe. Most cases are mild. Examples of viral infections that can cause encephalitis include herpes simplex virus (the virus that causes cold sores and genital herpes), varicella zoster virus (the chickenpox virus), mumps virus, measles virus and flu viruses. In the UK, the most common virus to cause encephalitis is herpes simplex virus.





Most cases of encephalitis are caused by the virus directly infecting the brain. However, sometimes encephalitis can develop if your immune system tries to fight off a virus and, at the same time, attacks the nerves in your brain in error. This is known as post-infectious or autoimmune encephalitis. Rarely, this type of encephalitis can develop after an immunisation.


Adult patients with encephalitis present with acute onset of fever, headache, confusion, and sometimes seizures. Younger children or infants may present irritability, poor appetite and fever. Neurological examinations usually reveal a drowsy or confused patient. Stiff neck, due to the irritation of the meninges covering the brain, indicates that the patient has either meningitis or meningoencephalitis.

Vaccination is available against tick-borne and Japanese encephalitis and should be considered for at-risk individuals.

Post-infectious encephalomyelitis complicating small pox vaccination is totally avoidable now as small pox is now eradicated. Contraindication to Pertussis immunisation should be observed in patients with encephalitis. An immunodeficient patient who has had contact with chicken pox virus should be given prophylaxis with hyperimmune zoster immunoglobulin.


9 Nursing Diagnosis for Encephalitis
  1. Hyperthermia
  2. Acute Pain
  3. Impaired physical mobility
  4. Impaired gas exchange
  5. Disturbed thought processes
  6. Risk for impaired skin integrity
  7. Risk for deficient fluid volume
  8. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
  9. Anxiety

Source : https://purba-java-indo.blogspot.com/2014/12/9-nursing-diagnosis-for-encephalitis.html

 

Related Posts

 

Labels:

Popular posts from this blog

Appendectomy - Nursing Care Plan for Preoperative and Postoperative

Definition of Appendicitis Appendicitis is an inflammation that often occurs in the appendix which is a serious case of abdominal surgery are the most common. Appendectomy An appendectomy is the surgical removal of the vermiform appendix. This procedure is normally performed as an emergency procedure, when the patient is suffering from acute appendicitis. In the absence of surgical facilities, intravenous antibiotics are used to delay or avoid the onset of sepsis; it is now recognized that many cases will resolve when treated perioperatively. In some cases the appendicitis resolves completely; more often, an inflammatory mass forms around the appendix, causing transruptural flotation. This is a relative contraindication to surgery. Etiology of Appendicitis Appendicitis is a bacterial infection caused by obstruction or blockage due to: Hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles Fecalith presence in the lumen of the appendix Appendix tumor The presence of foreign objects suc...
Read more

Hyperthermia related to Neonatal Sepsis

  Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Neonatal Sepsis Sepsis is a syndrome characterized by clinical signs and symptoms of severe infection that can progress toward septicemia and septic shock. (Doenges, 1999) While neonatal sepsis is a severe infection that affects neonates with systemic symptoms and there are bacteria in the blood. Neonatal sepsis course of the disease can take place quickly so often not monitored, without adequate treatment babies can die within 24 to 48 hours. (Surasmi, 2003). Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Neonatal Sepsis Hyperthermia   related to damage control temperature, secondary to infection or inflammation. Expected outcomes: The body temperature within normal limits. Pulse and breathing frequency within normal limits. Intervention and Rationale: 1. Monitoring of vital signs every two hours and monitor skin color. R /: Changes in vital signs that would significantly affect the regulatory processes or metabolism in the body. 2. Observat...
Read more

Disturbed Body Image related to Rheumatoid Arthritis

  Nursing Care Plan for   Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease which has long been known and spread throughout the world and involving all races and ethnic groups. Rheumatoid arthritis is often found in women, with the ratio of women to men is 3: 1. The tendency for women suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and remissions are common in women who are pregnant, this raises the suspicion of the presence of hormonal balance factor as one of the factors that affect this disease. Most patients show symptoms of chronic intermittent disease, which if left untreated will cause damage to joints and progressive joint deformity that causes disability and even premature death. Disturbed Body Image related to changes in the ability to perform the duties of a general, an increase in energy use, the imbalance of mobility. Evidenced by: Changes in the function of diseased body parts. Focus on past strength and appearance. Changes in lifestyle / physical ability to continue th...
Read more